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Day-to-day log of the 2010 search season:

8-5-09. I arrived at Stennis Space Center in the middle of the day.

8-6-09. There was a good deal of woodpecker activity in the swamp this morning. As one would expect at this time of year, the heat, humidity, and mosquitoes were a bit unpleasant. I came across a cottonmouth on the trail. Last night, I enjoyed an impressive heat lightning show over Lake Pontchartrain from the house in Slidell.

8-7-09. I spent some time this morning watching and listening along Old Hwy. 11, where there have been several sightings over the years.

8-8-09. I spent the morning in the vicinity of Tree 6, where woodpeckers and other birds were very active. On the way out there, the video camera captured the sound of a large tree falling (a low-pass filter has been applied to reduce the noise of walking through the brush).

8-9-09. I'm taking today off to get settled back into the house in Slidell.

8-10-09. While studying video obtained during a flight over the Pearl, I noticed a bayou that seems promising in terms of seclusion, large size, hardwood habitat, and proximity to the 2006 and 2008 sightings. I have never visited this bayou and have decided to call it Lost Bayou since it's easy to overlook from the ground. I did a stakeout not far from it this morning and will explore it by kayak later on.

8-11-09. For the next few weeks, I'll be spending long hours in the office and won't be visiting the swamp every day.

8-12-09. My left knee has been injured for more than a year. It has started popping again when I walk. Perhaps I should have had the surgery.

8-13-09. I visited Tree 8 this morning. I'm looking forward to spending some time up there but will probably wait for the weather to cool off before doing any climbing. Another tree came down nearby with an explosive crack when it broke and a resounding thud when it hit the ground. I came across a group of about six turkeys. The number of cuckoos in the Pearl seems to be higher than in previous years.

8-14-09. In the coming weeks, I hope to do some searching along the boundary between the hardwoods and the cypress-tupelo zone. The possible advantages of this strategy are that this strip of habitat is very secluded, proximity to hardwoods should make it attractive to ivorybills, a nearby grove of big cypresses is a possible nesting area, and hiking is much easier south of the fallen hardwoods, dense undergrowth, and blackberry thickets.

8-19-09. I had to give my eyes a rest after several long days of staring at a computer. What better way than to spend a gorgeous morning in the swamp? I had another close call with a cottonmouth. I was stepping through the branches of a fallen tree and thick undergrowth (exactly the kind of place that I most fear encountering a cottonmouth) and was fortunate to see it just in time. I did a long stakeout near Tree 6 and shorter stakeouts at other spots. The woodpeckers were active until mid morning. The sunsets are often very nice from the house in Slidell.

8-20-09. There have been some improvements to the house in Slidell, and my living conditions are much better than they were in previous years. In 2007 and 2008, I stayed in this house, which was gutted after being flooded with several feet of water during Katrina. It had unpotable cold water from a well that made the toilet operable (with a garden house before the plumbing was repaired). An extension cord provided enough power to make staying there a luxury relative to camping out. The worst thing about that house was the sense that it wasn't secure, especially after a gang burglarized it.

8-21-09. This morning, I visited Texas Flat Rd., which runs through the Stennis buffer zone to the east of the Pearl. In recent years, there have been several late summer reports from that area, which is mainly pine forest but also contains swamps and hardwoods. The timing of these reports is consistent with the account of Herbert L. Stoddard in "Memoirs of a Naturalist." Stoddard mentioned that ivorybills could often be found feeding on beetle larva in pines in the late summer and fall. My friend Gretchen is a wildlife rehabber and is currently caring for baby squirrels.

8-22-09. I have ordered a new kayak to replace the one that was stolen in March. I will pick it up in a few days and look forward to using it to visit Lost Bayou.

8-23-09. I enjoyed a pleasantly cool morning in the swamp. The warblers, vireos, flycatchers, cuckoos, and tanagers were very active, as if preparing for migration. The trails are so thick with golden orb weavers that it's hard to avoid their webs. After I walked into one this morning, the occupant ended up perched on my binoculars. A few days ago, I picked up another critter on the same trail. I felt something land on my hat. I pulled off my hat, and a bright orange thing flew away (probably a red wasp). It didn't seem to be the kind of thing you want on your head.

8-24-09. Other than a second-hand report from earlier this year, Bob O'Brien's sighting last November is the most recent in the Pearl. It has occurred to me that Bob -- with 50+ years of experience and 770+ species on his ABA list -- might be the most experienced birder since Roger Tory Peterson to see an ivorybill. Just after leaving the office yesterday, I found an interesting circle of mushrooms.

8-25-09. I picked up the new kayak yesterday afternoon. Like the stolen kayak that it replaces, it's a Wilderness Systems Pungo 120. The 2009 model has some nice improvements, including a nice hatch cover on the rear. The old one was solid green. This one has a camo design. While picking up the kayak, I also obtained some climbing gear. I would like to be out in the kayak or climbing today but decided to stay inside since allergies have sapped my energy. While searching for information on the climbing gear, I came across an interview of a mountain climber that posed the question, "Would you prefer the ability to fly or to become invisible?" Being invisible would have come in handy when I had the hot zone in February 2006, but my life would be much easier if I could fly over bayous, flooded forests, muddy swamps, fallen trees, and blackberry thickets and soar over the Pearl looking for ivorybills.

8-26-09. This morning, I did a stakeout along this lake, which is near a stand of mature oaks that survived Katrina. I've been having allergy problems lately but wasn't affected by walking through this ragweed field. It was pleasant to hear bees buzzing in the ragweed, and most of them seemed to have full pollen baskets. Yesterday I ordered more climbing gear, including a new device for descending. Coming down from trees has caused me lots of worries since a scary incident with a descender last year. The problem was partially alleviated by an improved descender, but descents still aren't as smooth as I would like. I'm going to get this problem resolved and replace aging gear so that climbing will be less stressful this year. Solo climbing in remote areas is bad enough without having problems with gear.

8-27-09. Gretchen and I did some practice climbing after work last night. My knee held up better than expected. When the new gear arrives, I will try different approaches for descending. I have ordered three descent devices and hope that one of them will provide the desired combination of smoothness and safety. I've driven a lot of miles during the past four years. The Honda Civic is up to 56,000 miles in less than two years. Many of the miles accumulated during trips back and forth between here and Virginia, but there's also a lot of local driving. It's 24 miles from the house in Slidell to the office at Stennis, 21 miles from the house to the parking area when entering the swamp from I-59, and 20 miles from the parking area to the office.

8-28-09. I spent some time along the main canal at Stennis, where the woodpeckers were very active this morning. There were also lots of other birds and butterflies, including buckeyes and frittilaries. I hadn't visited that area for a while because the road has gotten a bit rough for the Civic. I heard kents along one of the side canals in 2000, and interesting bark scaling was found in that area a few years ago. Based on Stoddard's account from the 1890s, it seems that the pines along the canal might be attractive to ivorybills at this time of year, especially since there's a large swamp nearby. I found several large cavities clustered in a way that reminds me of the excavation work that appeared near Tree 6 around the time the 2008 video was obtained. Although it may have been enlarged by a mammal, the size and shape of this cavity are interesting, as can be seen in this comparison with 4 and 5 inch rings. The cavity near the center of this photo also appears to be fairly large.

8-29-09. I'm going to rest the bad knee and spend the day in the office.

8-30-09. I spent some time in the pines south of Stennis. I stopped at open areas and scanned in the distance with binoculars for foraging sign. I saw a gorgeous Red-headed Woodpecker.

8-31-09. I visited an area at Stennis that has a mixture of pines and hardwoods. I need to do more exploring in that kind of habitat at Stennis. Much of it is very secluded.

9-1-09. I spent the morning doing a stakeout near Lost Bayou, where woodpecker activity was high. I saw a large gator in an area where I've had close encounters with them in the kayak. I'll have to be careful when paddling in to visit Lost Bayou. I saw lots of other critters, including six turkeys, two deer, a huge hog, and several rabbits.

9-2-09. Yesterday afternoon, I received a Reverso 3 and tried it out after work. This elegantly simple device provides a sweet descent. I have ordered two other devices that should arrive this week. I came into work early this morning without stopping at the swamp because I have plans for more climbing practice this afternoon.

9-3-09. I received two new descent devices and tried them out yesterday afternoon. The Petzl I'D is very smooth, and I absolutely love the BMS six-bar rack. One aspect of the photo of the rack is confusing due to the angle. After looping over the top bar on the right, the rope continues all the way to the ground but is hidden behind the rack. The right hand (not visible in the photo) is used to apply tension to that part of the rope to control the rate of descent. It's easy to come to a complete stop by applying sufficient tension. I will need to do more testing with a full backpack, but it appears that my problems with descending have been resolved. I will try to get up Tree 8 within the next few days.

9-4-09. Gretchen and I climbed Tree 8 this morning. The sun was shining, and the view from up there was very nice. I used the I'D for descending, and it was nice and smooth.

9-5-09. It was hot and humid yesterday, and I was totally spent after lugging climbing gear through the swamp and climbing Tree 8. It was my first serious climb in months, and I woke up this morning with lots of aches and pains. I'm going to spend the day working in the office and getting caught up on chores. On the way up Tree 8, my backpack (which hangs below on a strap) got hung up on the sharp stub of a broken branch. When I pulled it free, it tore and was left hanging by a thread. I managed to get it before the digital camera and other contents fell about 50 feet.

9-6-09. I started rigging Tree 10, which is well located and should provide a nice view. This tree is within 500 m of a 2006 sighting and within 100 m of a 2008 sighting. It appears that it will be possible to rig this tree higher than those that are already rigged in the hardwood zone. Since pines aren't as strong as cypresses, I'll have to carefully select an attachment point for the rope.

9-7-09. I enjoyed a nice foggy morning in the swamp. I took a walk on one of the trails that was recently mowed and came across turkeys. After doing a stakeout in the vicinity of Tree 6, I tried to reposition the line in Tree 10 and messed it up. I'll have to shoot it back up there and hope for a better shot.

9-8-09. I did a stakeout near Tree 10, where the woodpecker activity was high. I also made another attempt to rig Tree 10 and got the line where I wanted it on the third shot. I will finish rigging it as soon as Gretchen has time to join me for a climb. It's often hard to get good photos of trees from the ground, but this one shows the top of Tree 10 poking up in the background. My legs are aching after making a basketball video over the weekend. This reminds me that I need to spend some time in the gym. Hiking through the swamp isn't enough to maintain the kind of fitness required for climbing.

9-9-09. I decided to rest up today and came straight to the office. I have now spent 100 weeks in the field.

9-10-09. It was raining when I woke up this morning. So I rolled over and got some extra sleep. If the weather cooperates, I will try to climb one of the trees tomorrow. This afternoon, I visited an area in the northwestern part of Stennis that contains a mixture of pines, hardwoods, and swamp. I saw about fifty Eastern Kingbirds along an open area.

9-11-09. I finished rigging Tree 10 with Gretchen. This tree provides a better view than Tree 6, which appears near the left edge of this photo. The six-bar rack provided a smooth descent, and I was easily able to negotiate through broken branches, like the ones in this photo, on the way down. A Red-headed Woodpecker flew in and landed nearby right as I got to the top.

9-12-09. It's a rainy day, and I need to rest after lugging climbing gear through the swamp. My left knee was diagnosed with a torn meniscus last year, but the right knee has also been acting up. During the climb yesterday, it kept popping and making what sounded like bone-on-bone noises. The problems with the knees started after lots of hiking through deep mud. Repeatedly pulling my feet out of the mud seemed to make the knees loose, and the right one is still very loose. I'm going to try spending some time in the gym. Maybe a little weightlifting will help.

9-13-09. After yesterday's rain and flooding, it wouldn't be a good idea to take the Civic on the dirt roads in the Pearl. So I'll spend the day in the office.

9-14-09. I was planning to spend some time in Tree 8 this morning, but I woke up to rain and lightning in all directions. On the way back to the house, I stopped at a restaurant in Slidell and made some new friends.

9-15-09. I did my first solo climb of Tree 8. The sun came up during the climb, and the weather was nice and sunny. It was an interesting session, with lots of woodpecker activity. Two pileateds flew by at close range, and two others flew by at a distance. A red-headed also flew by at close range. I was buzzed by a Little Blue Heron that seemed to be using Tree 8 as a landmark for navigation. The Petzl Tibloc proved to be convenient for attaching the backpack to the rope. This panorama gives an idea what it's like in Tree 8. The view is better from Tree 5, but the habitat is better around Tree 8. The video captured an interesting woodpecker flyby (the deinterlaced clip is 12 megs and plays at half speed). I found some nice flowers on the way back. The trunk of Tree 8 is a bit narrow near the top, and gusts of wind caused it to sway quite a bit. More than two hours after the climb, I can still feel the motion, much like the feeling you get after being at sea.

9-16-09. I had to get into the office early and didn't visit the swamp this morning, but I did take a few minutes to photograph the descent devices that I have been comparing. In February 2008, I had a scary fall using the Petzl Gri-Gri. It turns out that my 230 pounds plus the weight of a loaded backpack is way too much for that device. I then tried the Petzl STOP, which was a major improvement but still seemed to be a bit overloaded. From left to right in this photo are the Petzl Gri-Gri, the Petzl STOP, the Petzl I'D, and the six-bar BMS Rescue Rack. The top of the photo corresponds to the upward direction. Each device is attached to the climbing harness by a carabiner, which attaches at the bottom of the device. This photo shows the Petzl devices open and ready to receive the ropes. This photo shows the ropes partially loaded. For each of the Petzl devices, the rope enters on the lower left, loops around, comes out the upper right, and then dangles to the ground. It is crucial to put the rope in the right way. The rope passes over a relatively small surface area inside the Gri-Gri, which provides a relatively small amount of friction. Since the rope loops over two metal pieces in the STOP and over a relatively large metal piece in the I'D, these devices provide greater friction and can therefore handle greater weights. The Petzl devices don't operate on friction alone. When weight is applied, the metal objects rotate and clamp down on the rope. Each of these devices has a handle that can be used to gradually reduce the clamping force. When using the Gri-Gri, I often had trouble getting the clamping force to release. It seemed that the handle might break. Then it suddenly released, and I went into free fall. The same problem can occur to a lesser extent with the STOP. The I'D has an improved control system and seems to provide a smooth descent. In particular, you don't go into free fall if the handle is pulled too far. This photo shows all four devices with the rope fully loaded. Since the rope loops over seven bars (the top one twice), the rack provides much more friction than the other devices. This rugged and simple device doesn't have the clamping feature, and it provides a very smooth descent. A little tension is applied with the right hand to control the speed of the descent, and it's easy to come to a full stop. One of the advantages of the Petzl devices is that you come to a full stop when the handle is released (a slow descent may continue with the STOP). The rack and various other belay devices (such as the Figure 8) don't have this feature, and it's necessary to keep your hand on the rope. Some climbers attach a Prussik loop below the device as a safety feature, but I don't find this necessary with the rack since it provides so much friction. The Gri-Gri has the disadvantage that it must be detached from the carabiner (and could be dropped) in order to attach to the rope. The only disadvantage I can see with the rack is that it's relatively heavy and bulky. I will gladly accept that trade-off to get a smooth and worry-free descent. I'm impressed with the I'D, but it's not as smooth as the rack, and the fact that it has an internal control mechanism doesn't make me comfortable. Everything is external with the rack. I'm neither an expert climber nor an expert on these devices, but I find them interesting and wanted to mention my impressions of them.

9-17-09. I hiked out to near the area of a sighting last November. The woodpeckers were very active around sunrise. I discovered a large patch of pine tar on the pants that I wore during the Tree 10 climb. It would not be good to get that stuff on the rope. Considering the pine tar, the marginal view (better than Tree 6 but still not that good), and the brittleness of pines, I have decided that it would be best to stay out of that tree.

9-18-09. I was planning to climb Tree 8 this morning, but I woke up with various aches and pains and decided to wait a day or two. The video that I posted a few days ago is of a Red-bellied Woodpecker. It had me puzzled for a while since it seemed to have a large wingspan. That session in Tree 8 was very interesting since there were also close flybys of Pileated Woodpecker, Red-headed Woodpecker, Little Blue Heron, and a few smaller species. Yesterday afternoon, I helped Gretchen release some orphaned squirrels that she raised (here is another photo). We mounted a cage in a live oak for them to use as a nest at first. They went inside and started to fall asleep just before we left.

9-19-09. I spent the morning in Tree 8. It was misty up there at first. Once again, there was a great deal of woodpecker activity. For the third climb in a row, a Red-headed Woodpecker flew by at close range. It was exciting to watch a pair of pileateds in a long flight over the treetops. I hope to see an ivorybill in that kind of flight. I saw a coyote on the way in. The mosquitoes were bad, but fortunately they didn't follow me up the tree.

9-20-09. I have aches and pains all over and need to rest for a day. I need to find a better way to spend time in Tree 8. In order to optimize the view, I climb up so that the top of the bole is at my waist, which means I can't strap myself in from above and sit in the harness. Most of my weight has to be put on my right foot, which has given me problems for a few years and is really sore today. Between that and the high humidity (my shirt was soaked with sweat all morning), I'm really feeling wiped out today.

9-21-09. I hiked out to my favorite stakeout spot, but the mosquitoes drove me out. They aren't usually that bad in the Pearl. A friend on the Mississippi coast recently had a really cool house built at a nice location on the water. Despite those tall stilts, the new house would have had four feet of water during Katrina, which destroyed the old house on the same lot.

9-22-09. I had to work late last night and get back to it early this morning. So I won't make it out to the swamp today. This morning, I picked up some mosquito repellant, which will hopefully make it more pleasant out there.

9-23-09. I took the new kayak out for its maiden voyage. Unusually high water made it possible to paddle to within 100 meters of Lost Bayou, which I visited for the first time. It's not far from the 2006 hot zone, and the bird in the 2008 video was flying from that direction. This photo shows the view in the opposite direction. It appears to get wider further down, but I only had time for a brief visit this morning. While sitting in the kayak near Tree 6, I took this photo of Tree 10 poking up in the background. The bird in the 2008 video flew by the tupelo that juts out into the water on the right. During my first three years in the Pearl, I had more sightings of Ivory-billed Woodpeckers than Red-headed Woodpeckers, but I'll never be able to say that again. I must have seen a hundred Red-headed Woodpeckers this morning. I came across numerous groups of them, and it was the most common woodpecker species this morning by more than an order of magnitude. The only comparable experience I have had with high woodpecker numbers was at Cape May on a good day for flickers.

9-24-09. I'm going to be spending time in the gym to rehab my knees and might not visit the swamp as often while getting started. My legs are still strong (it was easy to do several reps on the lift at 400 pounds), but I need to work on the muscles that stabilize the knees. This morning, I noticed a pretty type of goldenrod behind the house in Slidell.

9-25-09. My interest in Tree 9 has been increasing. It's in a secluded location not far from Lost Bayou, and it provides a better view than Tree 6. The problem is that it's hard to reach except by kayak when the water is high. This morning, I made my first attempt to establish an easy route between Tree 9 and a main trail. I tried an approach that started out with wading for a long stretch, but I ran into blackberry thickets after getting out of the water. I was fighting my way through them, but I decided to turn back when it was no longer possible to get a GPS reading. I didn't want to fight through the thickets without knowing that I was heading toward Tree 9. Next time, I'll try approaching from a different direction.

9-27-09. I made another attempt to find a ground route to Tree 9. It appears that the blackberry thickets and other undergrowth are impenetrable from all directions. I might have to visit that tree by kayak only. The downside of that option is that it's hard to arrive early in the morning. I also visited Tree 6 and saw a large bird with a duck like flight speeding up the bayou just as in the 2008 video. It got my heart going for a few seconds, but it turned out to be a Wood Duck.

9-29-09. We're having our first fall-like day, and it's absolutely gorgeous. I was planning to spend the morning in Tree 8, but a sore knee kept waking me up last night. I felt a pop in the knee while working out at the gym yesterday. It was a lot like the pops I felt while kayaking when my broken arm was healing, but I'm not sure it's a healing process with the knee. I will try to do the climb tomorrow. It has now been 18 months since my last ivorybill sighting.

9-30-09. I spent a gorgeous fall morning in Tree 8. There was a nice Northern Harrier flyby just after I got to the top. I was buzzed by a White Ibis, and a Brown Thrasher cast a wary eye on me from a tree nearby. There were lots of migrants in the treetops, including several Gray Catbirds. A cooperative Red-bellied Woodpecker worked on a dead branch nearby. Red-headed and Pileated Woodpeckers were very active throughout the morning. There is frequent woodpecker activity at two impressive dead trees within 500 m, including this one, which has a huge cavity at about 50 feet (not visible in the photo). On the way back, I got a photo of a Golden Orb Weaver.

10-1-09. I spent a long time in Tree 8 yesterday. The branches near the top are staggered such that you have to put most of your weight on your right foot. In order to give my foot a rest, I tried leaning over and putting some of my weight on my elbows. That must be why my lower back is aching. I'm taking today off from swamp duty in order to let my back recover and take care of chores.

10-2-09. It's apparently going to take a while for my back to recover. I might try going for a hike in the swamp tomorrow.

10-3-09. I've spent much of the past few days lying down in order to rest my back. My lower back has acted up before, but this is the first time it has been injured in such a way that it's painful to sit down. While resting my back, I've been reading "Undaunted Courage," by Stephen Ambrose. This book about the Lewis and Clark Expedition contains accounts of America before the onset of widespread habitat destruction during the 1800s, which nearly wiped out the Ivory-billed Woodpecker.

10-5-09. My back is feeling better, but heavy rains kept me out of the swamp this morning. Just after entering Stennis, I saw a Southern Fox Squirrel. It had been a long time since my last sighting of this spectacular critter, and I saw another one a little further down the road.

10-6-09. It was an interesting foggy morning in Tree 8. It took a while for the sun to burn through. I took out the laser rangefinder and compass in order to determine the coordinates of two dead trees. Before putting the laser away, I determined that my feet are 87 feet above the water in the observation position. By comparison, the pulley in Tree 6 (which is above my head) is only 82 feet above the water. I got some footage of a pair of ibises that flew by in the fog (the movie plays at half speed). I've been working out in the gym and losing weight. It seems to be helping because I'm now able to climb Tree 8 in 15 minutes with a loaded backpack.

10-7-09. After climbing Tree 8 and working out in the gym, I'm a bit tired and sore and will rest up today. I enjoyed another nice sunset in Slidell yesterday. Red-headed Woodpeckers have been very active around Tree 8 recently. Yesterday a small woodpecker, which appeared to be one of the Red-headeds, was flying by and then suddenly changed course and flew directly over (the movie plays at half speed). It seemed to be checking me out. This still frame shows it going over. I believe Tree 10 is the large pine on the horizon a little to the left of center in this photo. Yesterday I noticed a big cypress far in the distance to the south, but the bearing isn't quite right for Tree 5. It must be part of the big grove to the west of Tree 5.

10-8-09. As I arrived at a stakeout this morning, a large bird flushed from about 20 feet below the treetops. It had large white patches on the dorsal surfaces of the wings, and the size and behavior seemed right. I saw a fairly large gator on the type of small bayou that I often wade across. On the way out, I saw a nice mix of fall flowers and ran into two guys from the LDWF. They mentioned that unusual square-shaped cavities in cypresses were found in the Pearl in 2002. I wonder if they were like this one, which was found on Tree 6 along with several similar fresh cavities in the same area around the time the 2008 video was obtained. No new cavities of that type have appeared near Tree 6 during the past 18 months despite heavy activity by the other woodpeckers in that area.

10-9-09. Frank from Louisiana is in for a visit. We hiked out to Tree 6 late in the afternoon and then went to dinner. While driving back to the house in the rain, we witnessed a serious accident on I-10. I suddenly noticed headlights pointed in the oncoming direction. It was a car spinning out of control (and thus leaving non-parallel tire marks) before going off the highway. It continued spinning on the way down the embankment before rolling over when it hit a drainage culvert. It was surreal to see the car spinning and then rolling, and it all seemed to happen in slow motion. Frank was following me and managed to stop right at the scene. By the time I ran back, he was helping the frantic driver from the car. Both passengers escaped with minor injuries. Since the ditch was full of water, they were lucky that the car ended up on its wheels. They were also lucky that someone like Frank came along and waded into the mud and water to get them out.

10-10-09. Frank and I parked along I-10 and hiked deeper into the big grove of cypresses than I had ever been. Although this secluded area is a few miles south of the hardwoods, the woodpecker activity was high throughout the day. There are many cypresses over 100 feet in the big grove, but one of the more interesting ones that we saw had the top broken off. In this photo, the top appears in the foreground and the bole appears in the background. The top landed right side up and gives the impression of a separate tree. The bole has several large cavities. We also noticed a palmetto growing in a long dead cypress.

10-11-09. There was no dry land in the area we visited yesterday, and the water level averaged about knee deep. It's tough going under those conditions, but my knees seemed to hold up and I'm getting my stamina back after losing weight. I had a nasty fall and bruised my leg just below the knee. My foot is also aching, and I'm going to take it easy today. During the hike, we saw an unusual cypress knee, a two-headed cypress, and lots of big cypresses.

10-12-09. I'm giving the bruised leg another day of rest.

10-13-09. I was planning to spend some time in Tree 8 this morning, but there was a thick fog. It was interesting to spend some time up there during a foggy morning last week, but the objective is to keep watch far in the distance. So I will wait until tomorrow.

10-14-09. I was ready to climb Tree 8 this morning, but it started to rain. I might try late this afternoon, but more rain is predicted.

10-15-09. I hiked out to Tree 8, but the bayou was too deep to cross after the recent storms. I'll have to wait a few days for the water to go down and might take the kayak out in the meantime. I saw a bobcat while driving through the north part of Stennis.

10-16-09. Following an all-night storm, there are strong winds this morning. Maybe they will blow in some ivorybills. Gretchen and I are making plans for a visit to Tree 5. If possible, we'll climb it in the afternoon and watch for ivorybills flying toward the big grove around sunset.

10-17-09. I did a stakeout near Lost Bayou on a cool and windy day. The birds weren't very active, but the sapsuckers have returned. Now that the first real fall weather has arrived, it's nice to get some relief from the mosquitoes. I made another attempt to find a ground route to Tree 9. I was making good progress fighting through the blackberry thickets but turned back when my GPS failed. After consulting the user's guide, I reinitialized the GPS, and it seems to be working.

10-18-09. I saw another bobcat at Stennis late yesterday afternoon. Equipped with a working GPS, I spent today establishing a ground route to Tree 9. I wore a thick camo jacket to break through the blackberry thickets that I couldn't go around. I found a good route that will make it practical to spend time in Tree 9, which isn't as tall as I would like but is probably the best located of all the trees.

10-19-09. After one of my most strenuous days in the Pearl, I'm going to rest up for a day or two. Last night, I crossed the high bridge over the East Pearl at dusk and saw a spectacular sight. The tallest cypresses in the Pearl were silhouetted against a deep band of red around the western horizon.

10-20-09. I've been very busy in the office the past few days, but my body is feeling a lot better after taking a break from the swamp.

10-21-09. I have an ominous looking bruise on my left arm near where a plate was installed when I broke it a few years ago. I must have done this while breaking through the blackberry thickets a few days ago. The entire arm is very sore, and I'm going to wait another day before getting out in the field. On the way to Stennis this morning, I saw an anhinga soaring over Slidell. Like the ivorybill, that bird has a unique repertoire of characteristics and habits. I'm always amused to come upon one in the swamp and have it plummet into the water when flushed rather than flying off like other birds. It's also amusing to see them swimming underwater and then poking their heads up out of the water. On top of all that, they have a habit of soaring like an eagle despite their ungainly profile.

10-22-09. There is flooding in the Pearl. It's not as bad as it was in the spring, but part of Oil Well Rd. is flooded. I did stakeouts at a few areas this morning.

10-23-09. Since we still have high water along with high winds, I've decided to spend a long day in the office. There was a nice sunset at Stennis.

10-24-09. The water is still high, but I put on the waders and hiked out to the Tree 6 area. The water got up to nearly waist deep at one point. It's till too deep to get to Tree 8.

10-25-09. It's always interesting when evidence of something totally unexpected arises in science, especially when it comes from two or more independent sources. When it comes from only one source, such evidence is often met with skepticism and attributed to a possible error -- sometimes even from those who obtain it. This happened to me after I obtained the 2008 video. I have been fascinated by the flight mechanics of the ivorybill since February 2006, when I observed the amazingly rapid flaps of this species from close range and obtained video footage of a large woodpecker taking off with unusually ponderous and rapid flaps. After looking up the physiological parameters of the ivorybill (much greater mass, much lower wing surface area, and slightly larger wingspan than the pileated), I realized that it's obvious from basic physics why this species has more difficulty taking off than the pileated and why it often takes off and lands with dramatic swoops, which led Audubon to describe the flight of this bird as "graceful in the extreme." I was always interested in the cruising flight, but my interest in this topic intensified in 2007, when I started watching from tall trees for ivorybills flying over the treetops in cruising flight. I was excited by the possibility of getting my first look at how this bird flies in cruising flight (which was apparently never captured on film in the Singer Tract). Historical accounts of a duck like flight led me to believe that the ivorybill has duck like flaps, in which the wings remain extended (rather than folding closed) throughout each flap. I discussed the flight of the ivorybill with numerous birders and ornithologists, all of whom claimed to expect duck like flaps. I seemed to be faced with a paradox after examining the 2008 video. The dorsal stripes that were observed when the bird passed nearly directly below are a definitive field mark of the ivorybill, but the flap style of the bird in the video seemed to rule out this species. This paradox wasn't resolved until Dalcio Dacol discovered an obscure Tanner photo of an ivorybill in flight. This low-quality photo doesn't seem to show anything interesting, but it contains a clue that was apparently overlooked for decades -- the wings are folded closed against the body in flight in the same way that the pileated folds its wings against the body in the middle of the upstroke (as can be seen in this movie).

10-26-09. I'm going to be very busy in the office this week. It might be a few days before I get back out to the swamp.

10-27-09. I've been waiting for the water to recede so that I can get to Tree 8, but it's raining again today.

10-28-09. I somehow managed to injure my left foot near the big toe, which makes it hard to walk. I don't plan to visit the swamp until my foot recovers and the flooding recedes. The water is supposed to start dropping in the next few days. I'm hoping that Tree 8 will be reachable (without swimming) by the weekend. I'm making plans for a trip out of the area for a few weeks. I would like to spend time in Trees 5, 8, and 9 before leaving.

10-29-09. I don't know what happened to my foot, but it's not as bad today. I will try to get out to the swamp tomorrow to check on the water level. I'm itching to spend some time in Tree 8 and also want to do Trees 5 and 9.

10-30-09. The water is going down, but there's still a place on the way to Tree 8 with waist-deep water where there's usually none. On the way to Tree 6, water that was waist deep last week is now below knee deep. Near the location of one of last year's sightings, I found extensive scaling of very tight bark that was done within the past week. Some of it can be seen in this photo.

10-31-09. My foot is much better. The water is still dropping on the West Pearl. I plan to check the route to Tree 8 again tomorrow.

11-1-09. I finally made it to Tree 8. The main obstacle during the flood was this bayou, which is now only a little over waist deep. The water is still a few feet higher than normal, and I took this photo of the reflection of Tree 8 off the water at its base. Nice weather is predicted this week, and I will try to spend some time in Tree 8.

11-2-09. Yesterday afternoon, I forgot to pick up something that I need for the Tree 8 climb. So I'll have to put it off until tomorrow.

11-3-09. I heard two possible double raps and obtained interesting video clips (which are sampled at 60 frames per second) from Tree 8 this morning. The bird that flies toward the camera in this clip has a flap style consistent with a large woodpecker, lots of white on the wings, and a persistent white spot that seems to be consistent with dorsal stripes. When inspecting other parts of the video tape, I discovered this clip of a bird gliding on fixed wings that have prominent white patches. I saw an ivorybill in a similar glide last year.

11-4-09. I heard two possible double raps early this morning from Tree 8 but didn't see anything.

11-5-09. I obtained this clip (which is sampled at 60 frames per second) from Tree 8, while Bob O'Brien dozed below after an overnight drive from Nashville.

11-6-09. I spent another morning in Tree 8. Bob stayed up there for nine hours.

11-7-09. I'm totally exhausted after spending my fifth morning in a row in Tree 8. I'm going to take a few days off since I need rest and the hunting season just started in the Pearl.

11-8-09. There have been suggestions that the woodpecker in the video from November 5 is a red-headed, but there have also been claims that it can't be a red-headed.

11-9-09. The approaching hurricane will keep me out of Tree 8 for a few days. The wind is already pretty strong.

11-10-09. This morning, I had to wade out of the house, which was really shaking from the winds last night. Due to upcoming travel and other commitments, I have little time right now for analyzing the recent videos, but I have posted some still frames. The frames above the dashed line are from the November 5 video. The frames below the dashed line show a pileated in flight for comparison. I don't yet have any suitable red-headed footage for comparison.

11-11-09. Last night, I met with Kenny Ribbeck, Tommy Tuma, and Gary Lester of the Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries. Since it was late when I got back to Slidell and there are high winds today, I decided to take another day off from swamp duty.

11-12-09. I had to finish preparing for a trip next week and wasn't able to make it to the swamp.

11-13-09. I made it to the top of Tree 8 just after sunrise and obtained video of a Red-headed Woodpecker in flight. Based on this footage and additional footage that was obtained by others, there now seems to be a consensus that the bird in the November 5 video is a red-headed. A pair of Wood Ducks landed on the water below without seeming to notice me.

11-14-09. Gretchen and I visited Tree 9 this morning. I have become much better at climbing since that tree was rigged. I climbed above the point where the rope is tied and found a comfortable observation point about 80 feet above the ground. Tree 9 is in a great location in terms of seclusion, habitat, and proximity to sightings, and it provides a nice view over the surrounding trees. Tree 10 is the big pine in this photo. I may have spotted Tree 8 far in the distance, but it's partially hidden by another tree.

11-16-09. I gave a talk at MIT on "Flight Mechanics of the Ivory-billed Woodpecker." It was attended by a mixed group from various departments, and there was much interest in learning about the ivorybill. It was nice to walk down the hallways that I first saw thirty years ago as an undergraduate.

12-11-09. I gave a talk at the University of New Mexico on "Flight Mechanics of the Ivory-billed Woodpecker." It was well attended for a talk that was scheduled at the last minute near the end of the semester.

12-31-09. I closed out the year by kayaking to Trees 6 and 9 on a gorgeous spring-like afternoon. I was surprised to see a dragonfly at this time of year. It was my first visit to the swamp in more than a month and only my second kayak ride this search season. I paddled the same route as last time and once again saw lots of Red-headed Woodpeckers. The water is now high enough to access the mouth of Lost Bayou. If I can find a way around a big fallen tree just up from the mouth, that would be an interesting area to explore. The sun was setting on the way back, and I was surprised to see a Great Horned Owl deep in the swamp and not far from my first ivorybill sighting. I also saw an otter.

1-1-10. I went through yesterday's paddle-cam footage and downloaded some pileated flight data and images showing the current and a reflection off the bayou.

1-2-10. I took advantage of the high water and did some exploring along this bayou, which I had previously only explored on foot. I paddled through the area where four possible double raps originated last month and made it all the way to Tree 8, which is on the left edge of this photo. I saw this Red-headed Woodpecker in the area where I usually see them when hiking to Tree 9. On the way back, I took this photo that shows Tree 6 on the left and Tree 10 in the distance. Early in the day, I thought about entering Lost Bayou but couldn't find an easy way around this fallen tree. I will try to get into Lost Bayou soon and also look forward to repeating the route that I took today.

1-3-10. Since the arm that I broke in 2007 was a bit sore after a long day in the kayak, I decided to give it a rest and take a leisurely walk in the Honey Island swamp. The gate at the I-59 entrance is now open, but the trails are still flooded. This photo from yesterday shows one of the trails under water. I paddled out onto this trail and didn't recognize it at first despite having hiked it many times. Paddle-cam makes it easy to get video clips like this of encounters with birds that don't last long enough to set down the paddles and grab a video camera.

1-4-10. I'm going to rest my arm for one more day before going back out in the kayak.

1-5-10. Due to a frozen pipe at the house, I wasn't able to make it out in the swamp this morning.

1-6-10. I found interesting foraging sign on the same tree where I found similar foraging sign at the end of October. This scaling of tight bark is among the most interesting that I have seen. In early November, I heard four possible double raps and obtained two interesting video clips in the same area. I regularly walk past this tree and believe that the foraging occurred during two visits. Such extensive and intermittent foraging seems to be more consistent with the ivorybill than with other woodpeckers. The fact that there were two extensive foraging visits two months apart may provide insight into the fact that cameras aimed at foraging sign have yet to produce an image. It has been unusually cold this week, and parts of the trails are covered with ice, which forms interesting patterns as it melts and the water recedes. One of the dead trees that has been standing since Katrina recently broke apart, leaving two pieces on the ground and about half of it still standing.

1-8-10. During a hike to Tree 9, I inspected the tree with interesting foraging sign and found that there hasn't been any further activity. As these photos show, the water has gone way down since last week. The water in the lower photo connects to a bayou that was flooded over its banks.

1-9-10. The hunters have recently been making up for time lost to rain and flooding. Due to especially heavy activity on weekends, I decided not to go out today.

1-10-10. Another pipe froze in the house during another cold night. When I looked outside this morning, I saw a shrike bring a small bird to a larder in the yard. I took a hike in the swamp to verify that the water has receded enough to wade all the way to Tree 8. Along the way, I saw a bayou with extensive ice cover, which is an unusual sight this far south. As the water continued to recede, ice broke free from tree trunks and made cracking sounds all up and down the bayou. The audio clip contains a periodic mechanical noise made by the camera. The cracking sounds (some near and some distant) are of the ice breaking up around tree trunks.

1-12-10. I have an all-day visitor in the office today, but I plan to get back out in the swamp tomorrow. The temperature is finally climbing after an unusually long frigid spell for this area.

1-13-10. After doing a stakeout near Tree 6, I stopped back at the house, where three pelicans flew over.

1-18-10. This morning, I visited Oil Well Rd. It was a little tricky getting through in the Civic due to recent rainfall, which left the road muddy in places. The weather was beautiful and spring like.

1-19-10. It was another gorgeous morning in the swamp.

1-20-10. I had to get the Civic serviced this morning and didn't make it to the swamp. Several trips back and forth between here and Virginia and lots of local driving between the house, the office at Stennis, and access points to the swamp have added up to about 68,000 miles on the Civic in a little over two years.

1-22-10. I did a stakeout not far from Tree 6 this morning. I've been seeing duck hunters lately, and that's a bit of a concern since an ivorybill in flight can easily be mistaken for a duck. The weather continues to be gorgeous.

1-24-10. I visited the swamp after it finished raining this morning.

1-26-10. I found interesting foraging sign not far from Tree 8. It's similar to the foraging sign that I found on and near Tree 6 around the time when the 2008 video was obtained.

1-28-10. It was very birdy in the swamp this morning. I decided to wear boots rather than waders and wasn't able to go as far as desired since the water has come back up. I have always wanted to get a nice photo of the undersides of the wings of a flicker. I had what seemed to be a good chance this morning, but I was only able to get part of it.

2-1-10. I did a stakeout near Tree 6 this morning. On the way there, I found interesting foraging sign at two sites.

2-2-10. I had my first ivorybill sighting four years ago today. I noticed unusually rapid wingbeats but didn't think much about them until I had a much better sighting two weeks later. I didn't make it out to the swamp today.

2-3-10. I visited the location at Stennis where I heard kents exactly ten years ago. It's hard to believe that so much time has passed.

2-5-10. The swamp was beautiful this morning. The air was fresh after yesterday's rain, and the birds were very active.

2-7-10. I got sick on Friday and decided to take a break from swamp duty this weekend. After spending about half of my time in Louisiana since Katrina, it's exciting to see the Saints win the Super Bowl.

2-8-10. I tried to enter the swamp this morning, but the gate was locked due to flooding.

2-9-10. It looks like the road into the swamp will be closed for the rest of the week.

2-16-10. Four years ago, I stumbled upon perhaps the hottest ivorybill hotzone in decades, where I had five sightings and heard kents twice over a five day period. Sightings in the Pearl have been sporadic since that week. I plan to get back out there next weekend.

2-23-10. I did a stakeout near Tree 6 and found fresh foraging on the tree where interesting foraging of tight bark was found on October 30 and January 6. The flood waters are receding, but one of the stream crossings on the way to Tree 6 is still waist deep.

2-26-10. It was a gorgeous morning in the swamp, where the first signs of spring are starting to appear. The Northern Parulas, Yellow-throated Warblers, and Swallow-tailed Kites will be arriving any day now. I must also head north to spend some time in the Washington office, but I will be returning to Stennis permanently later in the spring.

3-1-10. I have arrived back in Washington but plan to return to Louisiana soon.

3-7-10. On February 16, 2006, I flushed an ivorybill from close range and was stunned to see the amazingly high flap rate (for such a large bird) as it flew nearly directly away. I consulted the literature and found that Tanner and others reported a high flap rate. I found that flap rate models predict a high flap rate for the ivorybill. There are two species that are somewhat analogous to the ivorybill and the pileated in terms of being superficially similar but having dramatically different flap rates. The Loggerhead Shrike and Northern Mockingbird are similar enough to be commonly mistaken for one another (despite being much more distantly related than the two woodpeckers). I have never taken flap rate data on these species, but it appears to my eye that the shrike has a much higher flap rate than the mocker. Does anyone have any video to confirm this? The differences in flap rates for these two pairs of species seem to be related to wing shape and mobility (the mocker and pileated occupying relatively small territories).

3-10-10. I have updated the discussion of the 2008 video. Only three of the species that have been recorded in Louisiana have a wingspan significantly greater than 24 inches and a distinctive flap style in which the wings are folded against the body during the upstroke. Once you accept these facts, which are evident from the video, it's straightforward to eliminate Pileated Woodpecker and Ringed Kingfisher (the latter only being recorded once in Louisiana). It's amazing that ornithologists can't seem to understand this argument. I suspect that some of this lack of comprehension is due to the fact that they don't want to admit that a scientist in another field has obtained superior data that provides new facts about this species. Ornithologists didn't realize that the ivorybill has such a flap style, and they are unwilling to admit this even when presented with evidence in a historical photo that had been overlooked.

3-12-10. I have arrived back in Louisiana, but I won't be able to visit the swamp for a few days.